Machine for manufacture of coat hangers



Jan. 31, 1939.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23', 19:55 1s Sheets-Sheet 1 4 Inventor WILL /AM 8461651? I 'Gttorneg -w. BACKE'R 2,145,810

' Jan. 31, 1939. W.-BA'CKER 2,145,310

I MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed N0\ r.-23, 1935" 15 Sheets- Sheet 2 3 memo: W/LL/AM BACKER (Iitorneg Jan. 31, 1939. w, BACKER 2,145,810

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23, 1955 13 Sheets-Sheet 3 3nventor I I WILL/AM BAG/(E I attorney Jan. 31, 1939. w. BAcKER MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS l3 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 H "M111. u-nln llll lllllllll llll llllljllm 3nnentor W/u MM BAG (5? Clttorneg Jan..3l, 1939. w. BACKER I 2,145,310

' MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE 01 COAT HANGERS Original Filed NOV. 23; 1935 l3 Sheets-Sheet 5 l-lllmlmm 3nnentor W/UMM B46705? Jan. 31; 1939.

l w. B ACKE R MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE "OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 l5 Sheet-Shget 6 nnentor 3 WILL/AM BIC/(El? Wi m attorney w. BACKE'R 2,145,810 MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23,1335

' 3rmentor WILL/AM BAG/(E? attorney W. BACKER MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 25, 1955 l3 Sheets-Sheet 8 ISnventor W LL/AM BAG/(ER I I'LI Aw A /7 //& AAA W ms 3W9 W .q .ww MO, w mm 3.. hwN

1.1m 31,1939, W.BACKER 2,145,810

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23; l935 l3'S heet-s- S heet 9 v y'zwwiv attorney Jan. 31,1939. w. BACKER 2,

' mcnmn FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 13 Sheets-Sheet l0 ziirlziizz lzzifiiz7lllllllllfz a wzzwzzzizziziizfifmh 3nnentor I I w/zuAM EAC/(ER Clttorneg Jan; 31, 1939. BAKE 2,145,810

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 13'Sh68tS-Sh66t 11- l'mventor WILL/4M SAC/(El? attorney Jan. 31, 1939.

' '7 MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Qriginal Filed Nov. 23, 1935 l3 sheets sheet 12 Kg; gg

inventor MCKER (Ittbrneg w. BACKER 1 2,145,810

Jam-31,1939. WBACKER -2,145,8i0

MACHINE FOR-MANUFACTURE OF COAT HANGERS Original Filed Nov. 23, 1935 13 Sheets-sheaf 13 Zifioentor WILL/AM JACKER I v a Gite meg Patented Jan. 31, 1939 3. UNITED STATES PATENT. fol-"rice William Backer, Schenectady, N. Y;,

casinos-to Swan Cleaners & Furriers, Schenectady, N. 1., a firm composed of Kalman Backer, William Backer and Simon Backer Original application Ncvember as, 1935. sci-In No'. 51,200, now Patent No. 2,041,805, dated May 26, 1936. Divided and 1936, Serial No. 81,727

this application May 25, v

26 Claims. (019140-71) This invention relates to the manufacture of garment hangers, particularly those of the type 'co'vered in the Backer Patent 2,023,392 and is a division of the copending Backer Patent 2,041,805 covering the method'of manufacture.

Special objects of the invention are to provide practical and efficient machinery for the rapid economical manufacture of hangers of the type mentioned.

These and other objects and the novel features of construction, combinations and relations of parts by which all such objects are attained are set forth or will appear as the specification pro ceeds. a

The drawings accompanyin a d forming part of the specification illustrate present preferred embodiments of the machine, but it will be appreciated that the structure may be further modified and changed in various ways all within the true intent and broad scope of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating some-' what diagrammatically various stages in the manufacture of the hanger.

' Fig. 2 is a perspective view on a larger scale of one of the completed hangers. o

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the machine.

' Fig. 4 is a broken side elevation, showing the front of the machine including the mechanism for effecting the first stage of operations.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the left hand side of the machine where the second set of operations Y are accomplished.

- Fig. 6 is a'broken side elevation of the back of the machine where the third set of operations are accomplished.

Fig. 7 is alike view of the right hand end of the machine illustrating the mechanism for the fourth and final setof operations. i I

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional and broken plan view as on substantiallythe plane of line 8-8 of Fig. 4, illustrating in particular details of drive gearing. I

Fig. 9 is a broken part sectional view substantially as on. the plane of line 99, Fig. 3, illustrating particularly transfer of the cut wires to the'operating turret.

Fig, 10 is a broken part sectional detail of these parts, substantially as on the plane of line Ill-l0 of Fig. 9. I

Fig. 11 is a view generally similar to Fig. 9, showing the first set of benders as having folded the ends of the wire up .over the shoulder outlining dies on the face of the turret.

Figs. 12 and 13 are broken sectional details of the transfer mechanism for carrying the single Fig. 29a is a broken sectional detail of wires from the cut-off the turret.

Fig. 1.4 is a broken part sectional detail on a larger scale of the mechanism for. lowering the cut length down onto the transfer slide. 5 Fig. 15 is a broken view of the top bender and station over to the face of the welder as theyappea'r facing the turret.

Fig. 19 is a broken sectional detail of the weld- 15 I ing clamps or jaws and guides for the wire ends as on substantially the plane of line l9.-l,3 of Fig. 17'.

Figs. 20 and 21 are broken sectional views of the wire clamping and twisting mechanism. showing the twister head in raised andlowered posi- 2 tions respectively. I

Fig. 22 is an enlarged broken sectional detail of the wire twisting arbor.

Fig. 23 is a broken horizontal sectional view taken as on the planeof linen-'23 of Fig. 21 and showing in particular the rack mechanism for raising and lowering and for rotating the twister. Figs. 24 and 25 are face views of the hook former in the starting and finishing positions.

Fig. 23 is a broken sectional view as on substantially the plane of line 28-28 of Fig. 25.

Fig. 27 is a face view of the base or cam portion of the hook former and Fig. 28 is a similar view of the rotating member of the hook former.

Fig. 29 is a brokensectional view of parts at the 85 fourth station of the machine, as on generally theplane of line 28-29 of Fig. 3, and showing in addi tion to the hook forming mechanism, the oscillating gripper for taking off the finished hangers.

a slightly modified form of gripper mechanism.

Fig. 30 is a broken part sectional view of the gripper mechanism of the gripper and other parts other end and'there welded to the latter at 3, to

, form a continuous unitary triangular loop.

In the machine here disclosed, these triangle forming and welding operations are eifected on one vertical face of a four-sided turret and on the completion of such operations, the turret turns to carry the triangular loop to a second station.

At the second station, the sides of the triangular loop are bent in to produce the shoulder forming portions 4, of the hanger and to bring those parts which formed the apex of the triangle intothe close lying parallel relation shown at 5, forming an upwardly projecting double stranded stem or shank having a looped, rounded upper end.

In succeeding stages, the doubled shank or stem portion is bent to form a hook and is twisted at the base of this hook. The order of these stepsmay vary, that is, the twisting be efiected before the hook is formed.

Actually, in the machine illustrated, the turret turns to a third station and there the parallel strands are twisted at the base at 6, approximatelyone and three-quarter turns and finally at a fourth station, the doubled, looped upper end of the stem is bent into the form of a supporting hook 1,'with the two strands of the same parallel 'to and overstanding the shoulder portions of the hanger.

The bringing of the ends of the wire together and securing them thus to'form a continuous loop, gives the stock a certain rigidity and strength, causing it to hold its shape and greatly facilitating the subsequent bending and forming .operations. Also this eliminates any loose or projecting ends to deal with in the subsequent forming and finishing of the article.

As appears particularly in Fig. 2, the weld is located so as to come in the twisted neck of the hook where it is to an extent "sunk" between adjoining turns and protectedthereby, but it is within contemplation of the invention that the weld or other form of joint be. located elsewhere, for example, above or below the twist, or in the spreader bar portion at the bottom of the hanger, beneath one of the shoulder forming portions.

Operation of the machine illustrated may be.

understood by consideration first of the driving train shown in Fig. 8. There a motorv 8, is indicated driving through belt or silent chain connections 9, a shaft l0, carrying a pinion II, in mesh with gear l2, on an intermediate shaft l3, driving through gears i4, a horizontal shaft l5, which at one end drives an upright shaft l6, through bevel gearing l1, and at the opposite end through bevel gear l8, operates a horizontal shaft l9, parallel with the front of the machine. The upright shaft l6 at tbeback of the machine drives through bevel gearing 20, at its upper end, Fig. 3, a horizontal cam shaft 2|, at the back of the machine and the shaft 9 through bevel gearing 22, Fig. 4, operates an upright shaft .23, which through bevel gearing 24,, drives a horizontal cam shaft 25, at the front of the machine. The latter through bevel gearing 26,

Figs. 3 and 4, drives a horizontal shaft 21, which is connected by gearing-28, to the upper and lower cooperating sets of wire feeding rolls 29, 30. The shaft it running from front to rear of the machine also, through bevel gearing 3|,

Figs. and 8, operates the upright shaft 32, carrying thedisc 33, and pin 34, for cooperating respectively with thepartial circular recesses 35, and radial slots 36. of the disc element 31, forming the other member of the Geneva gear for intermittently rotating the turret,'said member being fixed on the lower end of the turret shaft 38.

A hand wheel 39, Figs. '1 and 8, enables the shaft M, to be rotated manually, for setting up the machine and the like, and a clutch 40, on the shaft l0, controlledirom a slide rod 4|, through lever and link connections 42, 43, enables the machine to be stopped and started at will, without recourse to the motor switch.

With the form of wire feed shown, the cooperating upper and lower sets of rolls 29, 39,

Figs. 3, 4 and 32, run continuousIy but are separated intermittently by a cam 44, on shaft 21,

coacting with roll 45, on lever 46, connected by link i'L'with a rocker 48, overstanding and arranged to depress the lever 49, bearing on the spring supported journal box 50, of one lower feed roll, the other 1'01130, also being mounted in 'a spring supported journal box 5|, arranged to be depressed by a lever 52, acted on by the first lever 49.

' The cam 44 is timed to separate the feed rolls approximately at the instant the wire reaches the front stop 53, Figs. 3 and 9, and substantially as this occurs, the advanced length of wire is cut off by a knife 54, Fig. 32, shown as reciprocating vertically across the end of the wire guide 55, and actuated through a connection at its upper end at 56, with the cam lever 46. This same cam lever has an additional function in that through a connection at 51, with a link 58, it serves to rocka bell crank 59, connected through horizontally reciprocating link 60, with other similar bell'cranks 6|, 62, Figs. 9 and 14, the horizontal arms of these bell cranks all connected with a vertically operating slidebar 63, mounted in a supporting and guide structure 64, over the cut length of wire.

For supporting the cut wire full'length, the rods or wires 65, 65, are mounted at opposite sides of the wire feed channel 66, Fig. 14, in yielding seats 61, so that they will spread relatively, under downwardpush of the slide bar 63, to pass the cut length down into position on a step 68 on the wire feeding slide 69. Actually, the channel 66 may be deep enough to containtwo or three, or more cut lengths of wire, above the feed slide and, in Figs. 12, 13 and 14, the structure is such as to accommodate a total of fourfeed slide. One or any number of spring pressed detents 10, may be provided for resiliently holdmg the cut lengths in place and for separating the iength in the bottom of the channel from those above it.

The wire 1e gtn which is released to the reedslide is held in the recess or seat at the front edge of that slide by a hooked-detent or dog 1|, Fig. 12, which, as the slide reaches the adjoining face of the turret 12, Fig." 13, strikes against and is depressed by an inclined abutment 13, located in a recess 14, in the face of the turret. The rocking detent 1| remains in this releasing position on the return stroke of the feed slide due to the holding force of a spring plunger 14a,'acting against one side of the cam 15, on the back of the j detent. As the detent on the feed slide approaches the guide 64, an inclined arm 13, of the detent erly timed relation is- The feed slide '69 is shown porting the relatively 45 95, about the 55 article from the turret.

60 tion 35a, receiving the movement has been initiated by a second set v e a,'14a,s1o rides under the overstanding guide'structurejll;

6 face of the detent holding cam I0.

- The reciprocating carriage or feed slide 00, as it has here been termed, is shown inFigs. 3, 4,

9, and 11,.carrled by keys 11, operating in undercut keyways I0, and as reciprocated in prop:

ated by earns 00, on the front cam shaft and connected at their lower endsv with 'the slides proper. 11, by links ,19' as.- appears in Figs. 7 and 10.

in Figs. 9 and 11, extension II, 02, for supshort and long ends of beyond the ends'of the and over the longer support 02, there as having side wing the wire which project turret I2,

20 is'provided a gage wall 03, shown in Fig. 3, as

' substantially in' line with the face of the turret and as carrying a circumferential wall 00. These angularly disposed walls and 04 form guards for the longer ends of the wires as they are bent up as later bending end portions in line with the face of the described and assist in keeping these turret In advancing to the adjoining face of the turret as described, the cut wire passes beneath the {gshoulder forming dies 05, 06, on the face of the turret, Fig. 11. and ata time when the shoulder forming benders 06, 06, are lowered below the wire transferpath, as in Fig. 9. These benders rotating across the faceof the turret, are carried 36 byshaftst'l, journalled in the sides of the turret and provided at the inner faces of these side walls "with pinions 00, engaged; by the gear segments 39, pivoted at 90, and having the shorter oppositely extending .ing racks 02, Figs. 3 and 29. These double racks operate in vertical guides 93, in the turret sides and carry at their lower ends inwardly projecting rolls 84, riding in the stationary cam track bottom' of the turret, Figs. 29 and 31. T

At the. second and fourth stations .of the turret, that is, at the left and right hand sides of the" turret in Fig. 3, the stationary cam, track 50 95 is interrupted to admit slides which receive the rack rolls 94 and impart in. the first instance,

-- a further closing movement to the benders 06,"

and, in the second instance, a reverse opening movement of the benders to release the completed The portion appearing at theleft in Fig. 3, is on a plane taken through the second or left hand station and this view shows-the slide 96, operating vertically across the cam track '95, and having a short cam track secrack bar cam roll 94.

This slide is depressed byspring QL'against a cam 98, on top of the Geneva gear member 33, timed to effect a further closing in movement of the benders 06, at the second station, after such benders to be later described.

The slide at the fourth station for effecting the opening of the primary benders 06, is shown at 99,-Figs 29 and 30, having a cam track portion 7 95b, receiving the rack roll and adapted to be pulled down by rod I00, Fig'. 8, operated through lever IOI, from the cam I02, on the lower front cam shaft I9. v

Figs. 11- and show how the bending arms 75 86, carry the end portions of the wireup .over

by the rocklevers I0, actu i the position shown gearsegments 9|, cooperating- 40 with opposite sides of the double, vertically slidthe cooperating, concentrically shaped concave and convex portions at I03, on these benders and formers set the wire inwardly in the form of intriangular formation shown started in Fig. 11.-

ends against such To restrain and hold the free movement, stopsv I00, are provided on the ends of arms I00, which as shown in Fig. 3, are swung to carry the stops in position in front of the wire and retracted to clear them of the wire and the turret, after the bending operations at this first station. As shown in Fig. 10, the arms I06, are

swung inward toward the turret by spring pressed dogs I01, on the transverse slide engaging rollers I00, on the arms in the inward movement of the slide and the retraction of the arms is effected by thesprings I 09 as the slide retreats.

The movement of the bender arms 86, from in Fig. 9, to .that in Fig. 11, is sufllcient to carry the end portions of the wire up over the shoulder formers 85, far enough to produce a substantiallytriangular figure when the ends of the wire are-joined together. Where the joint is made in the left hand side of the triangle, as in the illustration, the right end portion of the wire is left long enough. to be bent down over a top guide II II, and to then reach condition prior to bending the longer upper portion down into-engagement with the shorter end portion is illustrated in Fig. 11. With the parts in such relation, a top,bender I I I, Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 15, carried by shaft II2, rotatably and slidabiy mounted in the bearing H3, is rotated and advanced toward the turret face by means including the cam ill, on the front, top cam shaft 25, operating the rocker .I I5, which has a gear se ment H6, in mesh with one side of the double faced rack. I I1, which engages a wide faced pinion portion II 8; on the shaft H2, this shaft also carrying a cam iIS, at its outer end engaged by a stationary cam roll I20. This fixedly supported cam roll, through the medium. of cam 9, as the shaft rotates in one direction, has the effect of advancing the top bender I I I, toward the face of the turret, holding it there while this 1 into abutment with the lower end of the wire Fig.

15, and then as the shaft turns reversely, the

and around the shoulder formers II, and how 4 I the shorter left hand end portio'nof the wire. The

effect of retracting 'the shaft to remove the bender from the indexing path of the turret.

As the ends of thewire are brought together into a complete triangular loop, by bending from the" Fig. 11 by a to the Fig. 15 position, they are recured substantially instantaneous butt welding operation "effected by the instrum'entalities shown particularly in Figs. 3, 7 and 15 to 19, and comprising welding clamps which grip the wire ends and then press themltogether as the welding current is thrown on. The tw elding clamps are alike in that they consist each guide I24, toward and away from the turret face. efmovable welding jaws I22, are shown carried by levers I20, pivoted on the fixed jaws at I 25, Fig. '17 'andhavingrollers I26, to engage pivoted spring pressed abutments I27, on the inner faces of the turret side walls.

ofrelatively fixed and movable jaws I 2I l2 2 m ounted on a carriage I23, sliding in a "These walls are cut 'upper left in Fig. 1,

view and appearing in out or notched as indicated at I28, to admit the welding clamps into the plane of the wire and. to relatively center the jaws and'the wire. The fixed jaws are shown as carrying guides I29, having the inwardly convergent wire entrances. I311. The movablev jaws are acted onby jaw opening springs I,3I,.Fig. 1'1, so that the jaws stand open as in Fig. 18, as they approach the wire ends and the movable jaws close down over the wire,

as the wire is centered by the convergent guides,

I30, in respect to the fixed jaws. The spring pressed abutments I21, serve to hold the clamping jaws closed under yielding spring force, allowing for unevennessor variations in the size of the.

wire.

At approximately the time the welding clamps obtain a firm grip on the wire ends, a cam I32,

Figs. 3 and 4,,on the front cam shaft 25, operates 1 a switch I33, to throw on current through the welding transformer I34, which has suitable electrical connections I35, Fig. 15, with the two welding clamps. v v

Pressure is applied during the actual welding of the wire ends by the means shown particularly in Fig, 16, and comprising a spring I36, acting on the leverage extensionv I31, of one of the welderclamps which is pivotally supported at I38, so that under-the force of this spring,-it may move toward the other welder clamp. This pressure becomes effective however, only after the tail'of the lever I31 has passed inward over the supporting roller I39, 'Fig. 16 and a recess I40, in that lever has come into register with a cam faced spring actuated holding dog I. The incline of this dog and the force of this spring I42, which holds it up into position, together with the shape and position of slot I40, determine the timing and eflect of this welding pressure.

As the welder is retracted, the movable welding jaws spring open to clear the connected wire and in order that these open jaws will not interfere with the indexing of the turret they are closed again in the extreme outer position of the welder by the tails of the movable jaw levers I24, contacting with properly positioned stops I43, Fig. 17.

The advancing and retracting movements of the welder are effected in the illustration from cam I44, on shaft I25, operating a lever I45, connected by links I46, with the outer end of the welder slide 123, Figs. 3 and 7.

. After the operations described of transferring a wire to the turret, bending the ends of the wire.

up over shoulder formers on the face of the turret and then bringing the ends of the wire together and butt welding them in a triangular formation, the turret is indexed, right-handedly in Fig. 3,-

to carry the triangular loop of wire to the second bending and forming station, at the leftnin this elevation in Fig. 5. Opposite the face of the turret at the second station are a pair of opposed levers I41, pivoted at I48, and having connected to their lower ends links. I49, shackled to a head I59, on the upper end of a vertically extending rod I5I, connected at its lower end by linkage I52, to a cam lever I53,

which is oscillated by a cam I54, on the front lower cam shaft I9. The arms or levers I41, carry at their upper ends the bending come in over the face of the turret and are shaped to break in the upwardly convergent sides or apex of the trlangle'into the form illustrated at the with the shoulder forming portions of the hanger completed at 4, and the double strand looped shank or stem-5, rising from the neck'portion of the hanger. In the illustradies I55, which tion, these bending dies I55, Fig. 5, have the inwardly angled portions I56, to carry the wire in closely over the neck shaping formers I51, on the face of the turret and above that straight edge portions I58, to bring the strands of the doubled stem into close substantially abutting parallel relation. I

The top guide Ilfl, serves as a former for the apex of the triangle and is yieldingly supported so as to permit the wire ends to bejfjorced together in the welding operation and -;sq.. as. to

as last described. Y

In the illustration, Figs. 3, 5, 7, 11, the wire guiding and forming pin H0, is shown slidingly mounted in ablock I59, supported by spring I60,-

the opposed permit the folding in of the sides of the triangle 1 sides of the triangle. ,The tip of the forming pin may be rounded off as indicated to enable the loop at the tip of the triangle to fold insmoothly and form a clean smoothly rounded bend for the tip of the hook, as illustrated at I64, in Figs. 1 and 12. When the collapsing-loop of wire releases the forming pin I III, the latter is'returned automatically to the upper position by its supporting spring I60.

After the arms I41, at the second station bend in the sides of the triangular loop into the final shoulder and neck forming positions of the hanger, or as a part of that bending operation,

the first set of benders 86, are folded inward from the position shown' in Fig. 11, to that indicated in Fig. 5, by the means previously described and comprising the slide 96, Fig. 31, operated by cam 98, to lift the double rack 92, and swing the bender arms 86, fully inward over the upper sur-- faces of the shoulder forming dies 85.

As the turret indexes to the next, third station, illustrated at the right hand side of Fig. 31, the first bender rack 92, willbe held up by the stationary cam track 95, so that the first set of bender arms will retain and firmly hold the par-,

tially formed hanger on the vturret face. This cam track 95, serves furthermore to hold these benders in this retaining position during travel from the third station to the fourth, discharge station. After the second set of bending arms I41, open up and provide clearance for turning of the turret, the latter is indexed from the second to the third station, shown at the top in Fig. 3 and more generally in Fig. 6.

In the turning of the turret from the second to the third station, the upper hingedly mounted section I65, of the turret wall is folded inwardly and downwardly as at the left in Fig. 5, to leave the parallel strand shank of the hanger clear for engagement of the twister thereover. The mechanism for this purpose is shown as consisting in each instance, Fig. 3 of a lever I66, pivoted at one end in the turret at I61,.pivotal1y connected at its opposite end by a link I68, with a lug on the back of the folding panel I65, and having'a cam roll I 69, in its intermediate portion engaging a stationary cam track I19, at the center of the turret, Fig. 31. drop. back the folding upper panels I65, as the face of the turret passes from the second to the third station and to hold these panels lowered in the continuance of travel from the third to the fourth station and finally to raise the panels to the vertical upstanding relation in the travel The latter is so constituted as to sleeve I16 is confined in a vertical bearing I19 with horizontal rack from the fourth back to the first position, as will be understood from Fig. 3. The hinges on which these folding panels turn are indicated at "I,

in Fig. 5, and in outline these panels or upper extensions of the turret walls may be of generally triangular shape, so as to form onlythe necessary guiding surfaces for theupwardly turned wires being bent'to the triangular formation indicated in Fig. 11. The top former pins 8, and the mechanism for yieldingiy supporting and automatically retracting the same are carried byand mounted on these folding sections of the turret side walls.

The twister consists in the machine illustrated of a shaft or arbor I12, Figs. and 23, having a bevelled entrance I18, for the rounded upper end of the double strand shank, a short cylindrical cavity I14, for the twist to be formed in the shank 1 and a long flat bore I18, to receive and gripthe 2o strands in their closely doubled parallel relation.

This twisting element is rotatably confined in a raising and lowering sleeve I18, by an annular flange a pin on I18, at the upper end-of the same. This and has a rack I88, in one side ofthe same engaged by gear I8I, carrying a pinion I82, en-

gaged by horizontal rack I83. The latter is actuated through linkage I84, Fig. 5,-from a lever I 85,. operated from cam shaft 2I, Fig. 3.

The rotary movement of the twister is obtained from a cam I81,'on the same cam shaft 2|, operatinga lever I88, connected by linkage I89, I98, in engagement with a pinion I9I,ecarrying a'gear I92, to mesh with pinion I18, on the upper end of the twister shaft.

I89, on the back cam While the twister is operating the base of the.

, double strand shank is preferably. held by a clamp I98, Figs. 20 and 21, slottedat I84, to receive the two strands and to hold them against a companion abutment piecel95, on the upper edge of the fixed portion of the turret wall; The

- folding panel part of the wall is suitably recessed. as indicated at I98, Figs. 9 and 11, to pass this abutment clamp.

As the turret finishes its turning movement to .bring the shank of the hanger blank beneath the .twister, the holding clamp I98, is advanced by the rack I91, which carries it,through linkage I 98, Fig. 5, connected with lever I 99, operated by cam m, on shaft 2|, Figs, 3, Sand 6.

The-parts are usually so timed that as the clamp m, Fig. 20, comes in to grip the doubled strand shank, the twisting shaft I12, willcome straight down over the shank and then approxi.

mately as it reaches the lower endLof'its stroke and thepihion I18 on the upper. end of the same t has meshed the gear I92, Fig. 23, the rack I98,

will rotate the gears to form the twist indicated in Fig. 21.

J The purpose ofgiving the double strand shanka fractional turn, one and three-quarter turns in theillustration, is toleave the two strands 5 twisted at a right angle with respect to the general plane of the hanger, substantially as indicated in the upper right hand portion, Fig. 1. To permit this operation and to return the twister head back to its initial position, the twisting Jo shaft I12, is shown as having a straight vertical groove 28I, Fig. 20, receiving the stationary guide pin 282, and a parallel approximately-quarter turn displaced cam groove'288, the two connected at the upper ends by the complete annular groove 284, and connected at the lower ends by a short I11, at the lower end of the element and there rotates a plate the hook forming to the right will roll inclined groove 28!.

The raising and lowering sleeve I18,

has a vertical slot 288, passing the shank of the silide stud 282, so that the latter serves as a key to prevent the rack sleeve, I18 from'turning. In the downward movement. the 5 guide stud 282 by its. engagement in the long vertical groove 28I,holds the twister shaft lined up to properly engage down over the parallel strands of the hanger shank. ,At the bottom of i this movement, as the annular portion 284 reaches 10 the guide pin 282, the twister shaft is free to be turned to impart the necessary twist to the shank.

Then as the twisting is completed, with the two turns the twister shaftback into its initial position, ready for the next operation,

As the' turret turns-from thev third to the fourth station appearing at the' right in Fig. 3 and shown in detail in Figs. 7, 29 and 30, the up- 25 standing twisted shank'comes into line with a hook former shown indetail in Figs. 24 to 28, and consisting of a head 281, which is projected toward the turret and over the face of which 288, carrying a relatively 30 large and more nearly central hook forming stud 289, and a smaller siidingly mounted bending stud M8. The rotating plate 288, is carried by a shaft 2! I, which passes rotatably through the head 281, and this head'is fixed on the inner end of a guide 36 rod 2I Ia,- sliding in a bracket 2I 2. The shaft 2' has splined on it apin'ion 2", Fig. 3, engaged by gear 2, carryinga pinion 2I5, engaged by a horizontal rack 2I8, connected by a turnbucklev link 2", with lever 2I8, operated from cam 2I9, 40 on the back cam shaft 2|.

The projecting and retracting movements of shaft 2, are accomplished from am 228, on shaft 2I', operating a lever 22I; connected by turnbuckle link 222, with one 45 arm of a bell crank 228, the opposite arm of which has a rotatableconnection at 224, with ternal back and formingstud228. Then as the shaft 2 turns right-handedly to the Fig. 25 position, the internal hook former 289, because of it's eccentric disposition, will force the hook strands to the left over the backing stud 228, and the smaller external forming rollers in travelling the strands down around the internal member, finishing the strands in the parallel hook forming relation'shown in Fig. 25. The hook forming roll 2I8, is shown as flanged at 221, to confine and hold the parallel strands andthe radial position of this roll is accomplished and controlled bymounting it on a slide in a radial guide 229, in the rotating part of the hook former, said slide having at the back a roll'288, traveling in and guided by an 70 eccentric cam groove 28I, in the face of the hookformer head 281. This cam groove is outwardiyrelieved at the finishing end of racism? when the position the slide hook upon completing its bending movement. In order that this relief maybe quite sudden, 228,;which carries the roll is shown as having. a control projection 233, for cooperation with an abutment 234, and having an abruptly completed hook.

by a stop screw hanger taking position of This quick relief movement is aided and largely accomplished by springs 235, Fig. '28, acting against a thrust bar 236, to force the bending roll slide outwardly.

After the hook forming mechanism has accomplished its purpose, it is retracted clear of the hook and the'rotary parts of the same turned back to the initial position shown in Fig, 24. In turning back, the control lug 233, which has slipped past the control abutment 234, Fig. 25, operates as a detent to rock the abutment about its center of support 231, against the tension of spring 233.

The completed hanger is removed from the side of the turret by transfer mechanism consisting in the machine illustrated of gripper arms 239, on rock shaft 240, Figs. 29, 30, having a pinion 24! engaged by a vertical reciprocating rack 242, operated from lever 2431:, Fig. 8, which lever .is rocked by a cam consisting in each instance of a pair of gripper jaws 243, 246, pivoted onthe g pp r arms at 245, 246, the firsthaving an outer position fixed 241, and the second pressed toward the first by a closing spring 248. The inner jaws 244, are shown as the lower spreader bar portion of the hanger and the upper or outer laws are shown as inclined at 250, to pass over the spreader bar and cause the latter to wedge open the lower inner laws as in Fig. 29. Stop screws 25L determine the upper,

the gri p rs.

I Slightly before or'at the time the grippers take hold of the hanger, the slide 39, Fig. 29, which at such time has received the cam roll 34, of the first bender operating I02, Fig. 8, to open up these benders as indicated in Fig. 30, so as to release the completed hanger from the internal forming and shaping structure on the face of the turret. Consequently, the hanger is free to be lifted off by the transfer grippers. The pathof removal is indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 29. In practice, the grip-- per jaws may be positively closed to firmly hold the hanger in a definite angular relation, for instance, so that the hook 1, of the same will trail back sufficiently to engage and ride down over end of a supporting rail or rod 252, Figs. 3 and 29. The means for such purpose are shown as stationary cam tracks 263, in the paths of rollers 254, on the inner movable gripper jaws 244.. To positively open the jaws toward the end of the removal stroke, these movable jaws may be opened by the abutments 253, thereon, riding over the Jaw opening inclines 258', Fig. 29. The structure the control the flanged roll of the justto the desired conformation.

2420. on the lower front cam shaft is. The gripper mechanism is shown as back guide for the notched at 249, to take. which operate over that the invention is rack islowered by cam shown in Fig. 29a' differs from that described, in that the jaws 244' the gripper" are mounted for sliding movement in arms 233'.

To definitely displace the spreader bar portion from the notches 249, in the grippers, substantially U-shaped springs such as indicated at 251, may be interposed between the companion jaws, which as the inner jaws are open as indicated at the bottom in Fig. 29, will lift the bar out of these notches. Guards'or guides such as indi-- catedat 258, in Fig. 29, may be provided for directing the hangers off the turret to the sup- ;porting or receiving station.

The turnbucklesfll and 222, ,Fig. 3,- in the linkage to the hook forming making of adjustments that may be desirable or necessary to set the double strands of the hook Similarly, the adjustment provided at 259, Figs. 3 and 5, in the linkage for the shank twisting operation, permits sumcient turn being given the shank to set the parallel strands in the desired position, that is, in a plane at right angles to the general plane of the hanger.

By performing the operations in successive stages, the mechanism is kept relatively light and simple, complications are avoided and high production is attained. The first, shoulder forming benders are carried by'the' turret and are utilized as means for holding the partly formed hanger in position for successiv operations. The other bending, welding, twist ng, hooking and discharging devices are all located off at the sides of the turret in position to operate on the blank, as soon as the turret brings the blank around to that particular station. These operations may thus be distributed according to time required, to

effect a proper balance and to save any waste of time. Aside from a proper distribution of power, this speeds up production and has other advantageous effects. A hanger is completed and discharged at each indexing of the turret. The turret sides may be faced off smoothly to serve as a wire, the bending devices these faces being grooved or shouldered asindicated at 260, to grip the wire.

While of particular importance in the manufacture of wire coat hangers, it will be realized of broad scope. The terms employed herein therefore have been used ina descriptive rather than in a limiting senseand are to be. so construed, except possibly as limitations may be' imposed by state of the prior art.

What is. claimed is:

l. A machine for manufacturing coat hangers and the like, comprising an intermittently turning turret, means for holding a length of wire in exposed position on one side of said turret means external of and at one side of the turret for uniting the ends of a length of wire held by said first means in a continuous loop on said turret and means external of said turret located at different stages of rotation of said turret for shaping said continuous wire loop into a coat hanger formation.

2. A machine for manufacturing coat hangers and the like, comprising a; multi-sided tunet,'

devices, enable the the wire loop together,

Bit

effecting discharge of the article from the turret- 2,145,010 means for intermittently rotating the mm from one position to another, means at one position of the turret for bending the endless wire loop inwardly into shoulder forming portions and connected parallel portions extending from said shoulder forming portions and means at other positions of said turret for twisting'tosether said parallel portions adjacent said shoulder forming portions and for .bending said connected parallel I intermittently turning the same to different staportions into a supporting hook.

, 3. A machine for manufacturing. coat hangers and the like, comprising a multi-sided turret, means for feeding wire in substantial parallelism with one side oi said turret, means for cutting oif a lengthof the fed wire, means for transferring thecut length of the wire to the adJoining side of the turret, cooperating, stationary and movable formers on said turret 'for bending the cut length of wire into a continuous loop, means for securing the ends ofthe means for intermittently rotating the turret from one position to another, means at one position of the turret for bending the endless wire 1 loop inwardly into shoulder forming portions and connected parallel portions extending from said shoulder forming portions, means at other positions of said turret for twisting together said;

shoulder forming parallel portions adjacent said portions and for bending said connected parallel portions into a supporting hook and means for 4. In a machine of the character disclosed, a

rotating turret, blank forming members on said turret, operating devices for said blank forming members, a stationary cam track associated with said turret and in cooperation with said operating devices for actuating'the latter in rotary movements of theturret and shiftable slides movable across said cam track and having continuations of the cam track for cooperative engage- .ment with said operatingdevicesn 5. In a machine of thecharacter disclosed, a rotatingturret, blank forming members on said turret, operating devices for said blank forming members, a stationary cam track associated with said turret and in cooperation with said operating devicesfor actuating the latter in rotary movements of the turret and shiftable slides movable across said cam track and having continuations of the cam track for cooperative enwith-said operating devices, means for turning said turret step-by-step, said slides being locatedat the stations'ofrest of said turret. -6. In apparatusof the character disclosed, the

combination of a hollow rotary turret mounted for rotation. on a substantially vertical axis, material forming devices carried by said turret,'stationary cams inside and at the outside below said turret and'means engaged with said stationary inner and outer cams for actuating said forming devices, including cam slides projecting down through the bottom of the turret into engagement with the stationary cam below said turret.

'1. In' apparatus of the character'disclosed, the

combination of a rotary turret, material forming devices carried by said turret, stationary cams inside and outside said turret, means engaged with said stationary inner and outer cams for actuating said forming devices, the latter in-.

cluding movable wall sections on the turret, operated by said inner cam'and stock shaping devices cooperabie with said movable wall sections and operated by said outer cam.

8. In combination, a turret rotating on a verticalaxis and having flat, vertical, angularly rewire loop together,

) clear of said twister 7 lated sides, means on each side of said turret for forming and holding partially formed stock,- means at one side of said turret for welding stock held on the turret,.means at another side of the turret forshapingjthe stock held on the turret and means for turning the turret to present the stock held thereon toisaid welding and shaping means.

9. In combination, a turret and means for tions, blank,

means on said turret for holding a wire means at one of said stations for welding.

l together the ends of a wire blank held by said means on the turret, means at another station for forming a wire blank held on the turret, twisting means at another station for operating on a wire blank held on the turret and hook forming means at another stationfor operating on a wire blank held on the turret. 10. In combination, a turret and means for intermittently turning the same to different stations, wire blank holding devices on said turret and devices at said-different stations for connecting the ends, shaping,

twisting and hooking wire blanks held by said devices on the turret, said end connecting device including wire gripping welding clamps, means for applying welding curapproaching the a transfer device operable toward said turret, wire blank feeding means operable between said out oifmechanism and transfer device, wire working devices about said turret and means for intermittently turning said turret to said wire working devices.

13. In combination, a headand a member rotating over the face 'of the same, said head hav-- ing a cam shoulder eccentric to the axis ofrotation of said member and companion hook shaping projections, one of said projections being carried by and mounted for movement on radially'in respect to the center of movement of said rotating member and having an operating connection with said eccentric cam.

14. In combination, a head and a member rotating over the face of the same, said head having a cam slot in the faceof the same eccentric to the axis of rotation of said member and provided with a relief at one end, a slide operating I in said member substantially radially of the axis of rotation, a hook bending projection on saidslide, a roll on said slide operating in said cam slot and a one-way yieldable detent for holding the slide upon movement of said roll into said relief in the same slot 15. In a machine of the character disclosed, the combination of a support, means for advancing stri'p'niaterial across oneface of said support,

means for cutting a length of the advancedstock, means for transferring a cut length of material ing the ends of the cut length of material onthe support into end-to-end opposed relation, welda turret for carrying a wire blank, wire feeding and cut oil. mechanism,

over to the side of the support, means for bend- 

